GRAMMAR

PLURAL SPELLING RULES

Add -s
Most nouns + s
book → books
pen → pens
Add -es
Ends in -s, -x, -ch
box → boxes
bus → buses
y → ies
Consonant + y
baby → babies
city → cities
Vowel + y
Vowel + y + s
boy → boys
toy → toys
-f / -fe → -ves
Most change to -ves

Change to -ves

leaf → leaves
wolf → wolves

Exceptions (+s)

roof → roofs
chief → chiefs
-o endings
Some add -es

Add -es

hero → heroes
potato → potatoes

Exceptions (+s)

photo → photos
piano → pianos